Marê mertal: Cudahiya di navbera guhartoyan de
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Kurteya guhartinê tine |
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!bgcolor="#f0f0f0"|Cins<ref name="ITIS"/> |
!bgcolor="#f0f0f0"|Cins<ref name="ITIS"/> |
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!bgcolor="#f0f0f0"|Takson<br /> |
!bgcolor="#f0f0f0"|Takson<br />Daneyar<ref name="ITIS"/> |
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!bgcolor="#f0f0f0"|Cure<ref name="ITIS"/> |
!bgcolor="#f0f0f0"|Cure<ref name="ITIS"/> |
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!bgcolor="#f0f0f0"|Binecure*<ref name="ITIS"/> |
!bgcolor="#f0f0f0"|Binecure*<ref name="ITIS"/> |
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|Kobra an kefçemarê tifuk |
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|spitting cobra |
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|South Africa, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, Swaziland |
|South Africa, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, Swaziland |
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Guhartoya 02:55, 20 hezîran 2013
Kobra | |
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Egyptian cobra, Naja haje | |
Dabeşandina zanistî | |
Cîhan: | Animalia |
Filûm: | Chordata |
Binefilûm: | Vertebrata |
Çîn: | Reptilia |
Kom: | Squamata |
Binekom: | Serpentes |
Jêrekom: | Alethinophidia |
Famîle: | Elapidae F. Boie, 1827 |
Binefamîle: | Elapinae Hydrophiinae Laticaudinae |
Kobra,kulavmar,kefçemar yan kumemar (Elapidae),famîleyk ٍSerpentesên Squamata ê jehrawî mezin ji çîna Reptila li gelek waran li Cîhanê dijî bi taybetî parzemîna Asyayê. Marên kobra an kefçemaran gelek jehrawî û jehravêj e gor çêkirina dirantûjên wê.Kobrayan ji dirêjî 18 cm ta 5.6 m hene wek şahkobra ku li ser 325 cure û 61 cinsan hatine dabeşandin ta niha.[1].
Cins û Cure
Cins[1] | Takson Daneyar[1] |
Cure[1] | Binecure*[1] | Navê Gelemper |
Belavbûna Erdîngarî[2] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acalyptophis | Boulenger, 1869 | 1 | 0 | Marê avê stûnserî | Gulf of Thailand, South China Sea, the Strait of Taiwan, and the coasts of Guangdong, Indonesia, the Philippines, New Guinea, New Caledonia, Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia) |
Acanthophis | Daudin, 1803 | 7 | 0 | death adders | Australia, New Guinea, Indonesia (Seram and Tanimbar) |
Aipysurus | Lacépède, 1804 | 7 | 1 | Marê avê zeytûnî | Timor Sea, South China Sea, Gulf of Thailand, and coasts of Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia), New Caledonia, Loyalty Islands, southern New Guinea, Indonesia, western Malaysia and Vietnam |
Aspidelaps | Fitzinger, 1843 | 2 | 4 | shieldnose cobras | South Africa (Cape Province, Transvaal), Namibia, southern Angola, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique |
Aspidomorphus | Fitzinger, 1843 | 3 | 3 | collared adders | New Guinea |
Astrotia | Fischer, 1855 | 1 | 0 | Stokes' sea snake | Coastal areas from west India and Sri Lanka through Gulf of Thailand to China Sea, west Malaysia, Indonesia east to New Guinea, north and east coasts of Australia, the Philippines |
Austrelaps | Worrell, 1963 | 3 | 0 | copperheads | Australia (South Australia, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania) |
Boulengerina | Dollo, 1886 | 2 | 1 | water cobras | Cameroon, Gabon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo, Central African Republic, Tanzania, Equatorial Guinea, Rwanda, Burundi, Zambia |
Bungarus | Daudin, 1803 | 12 | 4 | kraits | India (incl. Andaman Island), Myanmar, Nepal, Vietnam, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Cambodia, Indonesia (Java, Sumatra, Bali, Sulawesi), Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand |
Cacophis | Günther, 1863 | 4 | 0 | rainforest crowned snakes | Australia (New South Wales, Queensland) |
Calliophis | Gray, 1834 | 8 | 11 | Morîmarê rojhilatî | India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Indonesia, Cambodia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Burma, Brunei, the Philippines, Vietnam, Laos, southern China, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Taiwan |
Demansia | Gray, 1842 | 9 | 2 | Tajangmar | New Guinea, continental Australia |
Dendroaspis | Schlegel, 1848 | 4 | 1 | Devreş mar an mamba | Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, Malawi, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, Guinea, Gabon, Principe (Gulf of Guinea), Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Equatorial Guinea, Angola, Sudan, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Eritrea, Senegal, Mali, Ethiopia, Ivory Coast, Namibia, Somalia, Swaziland, Zambia, Gambia, Guinea Bissau, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Sierra Leone |
Denisonia | Krefft, 1869 | 2 | 0 | ornamental snakes | Central Queensland and central northern New South Wales, Australia |
Drysdalia | Worrell, 1961 | 3 | 0 | southeastern grass snakes | Southern Australia (Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria, Tasmania, New South Wales) |
Echiopsis | Fitzinger, 1843 | 1 | 0 | bardick | Southern Australia (Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria, New South Wales) |
Elapognathus | Boulenger, 1896 | 2 | 0 | southwestern grass snakes | Western Australia |
Elapsoidea | Bocage, 1866 | 10 | 7 | African or venomous garter snakes (not related to North American garter snakes, which are nonvenomous) | Senegal, South Africa, Mozambique, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Swaziland, Gambia, Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Uganda, Senegal, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo, Zambia, Kenya, north Burundi, Rwanda, Ethiopia, Uganda, Somalia |
Emydocephalus | Krefft, 1869 | 2 | 0 | turtlehead sea snakes | The coasts of Timor (Indonesian Sea), New Caledonia, Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia), and in the Southeast Asian Sea along the coasts of China, Taiwan, Japan, and the Ryukyu Islands |
Enhydrina | Gray, 1849 | 2 | 0 | beaked sea snakes | In the Persian Gulf (Oman, United Arab Emirates, etc.), south to the Seychelles and Madagascar,
Southeast Asian Sea (Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam), Australia (North Territory, Queensland), New Guinea and Papua New Guinea |
Ephalophis | M.A. Smith, 1931 | 1 | 0 | Grey's mudsnake | Northwestern Australia |
Furina | A.M.C. Duméril, 1853 | 3 | 0 | pale-naped snakes | Mainland Australia |
Glyphodon | Günther, 1858 | 2 | 0 | brown-headed snakes | Australia (Queensland), New Guinea |
Hemachatus | Fleming, 1822 | 1 | 0 | Kobra an kefçemarê tifuk | South Africa, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, Swaziland |
Hemiaspis | Fitzinger, 1861 | 2 | 0 | swamp snakes | Eastern Australia (New South Wales, Queensland) |
Hemibungarus | W. Peters, 1862 | 1 | 2 | Asian coral snakes | Taiwan, Japan (Ryukyu Islands) |
Homoroselaps | Jan, 1858 | 2 | 0 | harlequin snakes | South Africa |
Hoplocephalus | Wagler, 1830 | 3 | 0 | broad-headed snakes | Eastern Australia (New South Wales, Queensland) |
Hydrelaps | Boulenger, 1896 | 1 | 0 | Port Darwin mudsnake | Northern Australia, southern New Guinea |
Hydrophis | Latreille In Sonnini & Latreille, 1801 | 34 | 3 | sea snakes | Indoaustralian and Southeast Asian waters.[3] |
Kerilia | Gray, 1849 | 1 | 0 | Jerdon's sea snake | Southeast Asian waters[3] |
Kolpophis | M.A. Smith, 1926 | 1 | 0 | bighead sea snake | Indian Ocean[3] |
Lapemis | Gray, 1835 | 1 | 1 | Shaw's sea snake | Persian Gulf to Indian Ocean, South China Sea, Indo-Australian archipelago and the western Pacific[3] |
Laticauda | Laurenti, 1768 | 5 | 0 | sea kraits | Southeast Asian and Indo-Australian waters |
Leptomicrurus | K.P. Schmidt, 1937 | 4 | 2 | blackback coral snake | Northern South America |
Loveridgelaps | McDowell, 1970 | 1 | 0 | Solomons small-eyed snake | Solomon Islands |
Micropechis | Boulenger, 1896 | 1 | 0 | New Guinea small-eyed snake | New Guinea |
Micruroides | K.P. Schmidt, 1928 | 1 | 2 | Western coral snakes | USA (Arizona, southwestern New Mexico), Mexico (Sonora, Sinaloa) |
Micrurus | Wagler, 1824 | 69 | 54 | coral snakes | Southern North America, South America |
Naja | Laurenti, 1768 | 23 | 3 | cobras | Africa, Asia |
Notechis | Boulenger, 1896 | 2 | 0 | tiger snakes | Southern Australia, including many offshore islands |
Ogmodon | W. Peters, 1864 | 1 | 0 | bola | Fiji |
Ophiophagus | Günther, 1864 | 1 | 0 | king cobra | Bangladesh, Myanmar, Cambodia, China, India, Andaman Islands, Indonesia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam, west Malaysia, the Philippines |
Oxyuranus | Kinghorn, 1923 | 3 | 2 | taipans | Australia, New Guinea |
Parahydrophis | Burger & Natsuno, 1974 | 1 | 0 | Northern mangrove sea snake | Northern Australia, southern New Guinea |
Paranaja | Loveridge, 1944 | 1 | 2 | many-banded snakes | West/central Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo, Cameroon |
Parapistocalamus | Roux, 1934 | 1 | 0 | Hediger's snake | Bougainville Island, Solomons |
Paroplocephalus | Keogh, Scott and Scanlon, 2000 | 1 | 0 | Lake Cronin snake | Western Australia |
Pelamis | Daudin, 1803 | 1 | 0 | yellow-bellied sea snake | Indian and Pacific Oceans |
Praescutata viperina | Wall, 1921 | 1 | 0 | viperine sea snake | Persian Gulf, Indian Ocean, South Chinese Sea northeast to coastal region of Fujian and Strait of Taiwan |
Pseudechis | Wagler, 1830 | 7 | 0 | black snakes (and king brown) | Australia |
Pseudohaje | Günther, 1858 | 2 | 0 | forest cobras | Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, Uganda, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Togo, Nigeria |
Pseudonaja | Günther, 1858 | 8 | 2 | venomous brown snakes (and dugites) | Australia |
Rhinoplocephalus | F. Müller, 1885 | 6 | 0 | Australian small-eyed snakes | Southern and eastern Australia, southern New Guinea |
Salomonelaps | McDowell, 1970 | 1 | 0 | Solomons coral snake | Solomon Islands |
Simoselaps | Jan, 1859 | 13 | 3 | Australian coral snakes | Mainland Australia |
Sinomicrurus (Calliophis) macclellandi | Slowinski et al., 2001 | 5 | 4 | MacClelland’s (Asian) coral snake | India, Myanmar, Vietnam, China, Taiwan, Japan |
Suta | Worrell, 1961 | 10 | 2 | hooded snakes (and curl snake) | Australia |
Thalassophis | P. Schmidt, 1852 | 1 | 0 | anomalous sea snake | South Chinese Sea (Malaysia, Gulf of Thailand), Indian Ocean (Sumatra, Java, Borneo) |
Toxicocalamus | Boulenger, 1896 | 9 | 0 | New Guinea forest snakes | New Guinea (and nearby islands) |
Tropidechis | Günther, 1863 | 2 | 0 | rough-scaled snake | Eastern Australia |
Vermicella | Gray In Günther, 1858 | 5 | 0 | bandy-bandies | Australia |
Walterinnesia | Lataste, 1887 | 2[4] | 0 | black desert cobra | Egypt, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Iraq, Iran, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Turkey [5] |
Çavkanî
[1].
Herwiha binihêre
- ^ a b c d e f "Elapidae". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Roja gihiştinê 27 çiriya paşîn 2006.
- ^ Xeletiya çavkanî: Invalid
<ref>
tag; no text was provided for refs namedNRDB
- ^ a b c d The Hydrophiidae at Cyberlizard's home pages. Accessed [12 August] [2007].
- ^ Nilson, G. & N. Rastegar-Pouyani (2007) Walterinnesia aegyptia Lataste, 1887 (Ophidia: Elapidae) and the status of Naja morgani Mocquard 1905. Russian Journal of Herpetology, 14: 7-14.
- ^ Ugurtas, I. H., T. J. Papenfuss and N. L. Orlov. 2001. New record of Walterinnesia aegyptia Lataste, 1887 (Ophidia: Elapidae: Bungarinae) in Turkey. Russian Journal of Herpetology. 8(3):239-245.