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Ji Wîkîpediya, ensîklopediya azad.
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|Kobra an kefçemarê tifuk
|spitting cobra
|South Africa, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, Swaziland
|South Africa, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, Swaziland
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Guhartoya 02:55, 20 hezîran 2013

Kobra
Egyptian cobra, Naja haje
Dabeşandina zanistî
Cîhan: Animalia
Filûm: Chordata
Binefilûm: Vertebrata
Çîn: Reptilia
Kom: Squamata
Binekom: Serpentes
Jêrekom: Alethinophidia
Famîle: Elapidae
F. Boie, 1827
Binefamîle: Elapinae
Hydrophiinae
Laticaudinae

Kobra,kulavmar,kefçemar yan kumemar (Elapidae),famîleyk ٍSerpentesên Squamata ê jehrawî mezin ji çîna Reptila li gelek waran li Cîhanê dijî bi taybetî parzemîna Asyayê. Marên kobra an kefçemaran gelek jehrawî û jehravêj e gor çêkirina dirantûjên wê.Kobrayan ji dirêjî 18 cm ta 5.6 m hene wek şahkobra ku li ser 325 cure û 61 cinsan hatine dabeşandin ta niha.[1].

Cins û Cure

Cins[1] Takson
Daneyar[1]
Cure[1] Binecure*[1] Navê
Gelemper
Belavbûna
Erdîngarî[2]
Acalyptophis Boulenger, 1869 1 0 Marê avê stûnserî Gulf of Thailand, South China Sea, the Strait of Taiwan, and the coasts of Guangdong, Indonesia, the Philippines, New Guinea, New Caledonia, Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia)
Acanthophis Daudin, 1803 7 0 death adders Australia, New Guinea, Indonesia (Seram and Tanimbar)
Aipysurus Lacépède, 1804 7 1 Marê avê zeytûnî Timor Sea, South China Sea, Gulf of Thailand, and coasts of Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia), New Caledonia, Loyalty Islands, southern New Guinea, Indonesia, western Malaysia and Vietnam
Aspidelaps Fitzinger, 1843 2 4 shieldnose cobras South Africa (Cape Province, Transvaal), Namibia, southern Angola, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique
Aspidomorphus Fitzinger, 1843 3 3 collared adders New Guinea
Astrotia Fischer, 1855 1 0 Stokes' sea snake Coastal areas from west India and Sri Lanka through Gulf of Thailand to China Sea, west Malaysia, Indonesia east to New Guinea, north and east coasts of Australia, the Philippines
Austrelaps Worrell, 1963 3 0 copperheads Australia (South Australia, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania)
Boulengerina Dollo, 1886 2 1 water cobras Cameroon, Gabon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo, Central African Republic, Tanzania, Equatorial Guinea, Rwanda, Burundi, Zambia
Bungarus Daudin, 1803 12 4 kraits India (incl. Andaman Island), Myanmar, Nepal, Vietnam, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Cambodia, Indonesia (Java, Sumatra, Bali, Sulawesi), Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand
Cacophis Günther, 1863 4 0 rainforest crowned snakes Australia (New South Wales, Queensland)
Calliophis Gray, 1834 8 11 Morîmarê rojhilatî India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Indonesia, Cambodia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Burma, Brunei, the Philippines, Vietnam, Laos, southern China, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Taiwan
Demansia Gray, 1842 9 2 Tajangmar New Guinea, continental Australia
Dendroaspis Schlegel, 1848 4 1 Devreş mar an mamba Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, Malawi, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, Guinea, Gabon, Principe (Gulf of Guinea), Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Equatorial Guinea, Angola, Sudan, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Eritrea, Senegal, Mali, Ethiopia, Ivory Coast, Namibia, Somalia, Swaziland, Zambia, Gambia, Guinea Bissau, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Sierra Leone
Denisonia Krefft, 1869 2 0 ornamental snakes Central Queensland and central northern New South Wales, Australia
Drysdalia Worrell, 1961 3 0 southeastern grass snakes Southern Australia (Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria, Tasmania, New South Wales)
Echiopsis Fitzinger, 1843 1 0 bardick Southern Australia (Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria, New South Wales)
Elapognathus Boulenger, 1896 2 0 southwestern grass snakes Western Australia
Elapsoidea Bocage, 1866 10 7 African or venomous garter snakes (not related to North American garter snakes, which are nonvenomous) Senegal, South Africa, Mozambique, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Swaziland, Gambia, Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Uganda, Senegal, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo, Zambia, Kenya, north Burundi, Rwanda, Ethiopia, Uganda, Somalia
Emydocephalus Krefft, 1869 2 0 turtlehead sea snakes The coasts of Timor (Indonesian Sea), New Caledonia, Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia), and in the Southeast Asian Sea along the coasts of China, Taiwan, Japan, and the Ryukyu Islands
Enhydrina Gray, 1849 2 0 beaked sea snakes In the Persian Gulf (Oman, United Arab Emirates, etc.), south to the Seychelles and Madagascar,

Southeast Asian Sea (Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam), Australia (North Territory, Queensland), New Guinea and Papua New Guinea

Ephalophis M.A. Smith, 1931 1 0 Grey's mudsnake Northwestern Australia
Furina A.M.C. Duméril, 1853 3 0 pale-naped snakes Mainland Australia
Glyphodon Günther, 1858 2 0 brown-headed snakes Australia (Queensland), New Guinea
Hemachatus Fleming, 1822 1 0 Kobra an kefçemarê tifuk South Africa, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, Swaziland
Hemiaspis Fitzinger, 1861 2 0 swamp snakes Eastern Australia (New South Wales, Queensland)
Hemibungarus W. Peters, 1862 1 2 Asian coral snakes Taiwan, Japan (Ryukyu Islands)
Homoroselaps Jan, 1858 2 0 harlequin snakes South Africa
Hoplocephalus Wagler, 1830 3 0 broad-headed snakes Eastern Australia (New South Wales, Queensland)
Hydrelaps Boulenger, 1896 1 0 Port Darwin mudsnake Northern Australia, southern New Guinea
Hydrophis Latreille In Sonnini & Latreille, 1801 34 3 sea snakes Indoaustralian and Southeast Asian waters.[3]
Kerilia Gray, 1849 1 0 Jerdon's sea snake Southeast Asian waters[3]
Kolpophis M.A. Smith, 1926 1 0 bighead sea snake Indian Ocean[3]
Lapemis Gray, 1835 1 1 Shaw's sea snake Persian Gulf to Indian Ocean, South China Sea, Indo-Australian archipelago and the western Pacific[3]
Laticauda Laurenti, 1768 5 0 sea kraits Southeast Asian and Indo-Australian waters
Leptomicrurus K.P. Schmidt, 1937 4 2 blackback coral snake Northern South America
Loveridgelaps McDowell, 1970 1 0 Solomons small-eyed snake Solomon Islands
Micropechis Boulenger, 1896 1 0 New Guinea small-eyed snake New Guinea
Micruroides K.P. Schmidt, 1928 1 2 Western coral snakes USA (Arizona, southwestern New Mexico), Mexico (Sonora, Sinaloa)
Micrurus Wagler, 1824 69 54 coral snakes Southern North America, South America
Naja Laurenti, 1768 23 3 cobras Africa, Asia
Notechis Boulenger, 1896 2 0 tiger snakes Southern Australia, including many offshore islands
Ogmodon W. Peters, 1864 1 0 bola Fiji
Ophiophagus Günther, 1864 1 0 king cobra Bangladesh, Myanmar, Cambodia, China, India, Andaman Islands, Indonesia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam, west Malaysia, the Philippines
Oxyuranus Kinghorn, 1923 3 2 taipans Australia, New Guinea
Parahydrophis Burger & Natsuno, 1974 1 0 Northern mangrove sea snake Northern Australia, southern New Guinea
Paranaja Loveridge, 1944 1 2 many-banded snakes West/central Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo, Cameroon
Parapistocalamus Roux, 1934 1 0 Hediger's snake Bougainville Island, Solomons
Paroplocephalus Keogh, Scott and Scanlon, 2000 1 0 Lake Cronin snake Western Australia
Pelamis Daudin, 1803 1 0 yellow-bellied sea snake Indian and Pacific Oceans
Praescutata viperina Wall, 1921 1 0 viperine sea snake Persian Gulf, Indian Ocean, South Chinese Sea northeast to coastal region of Fujian and Strait of Taiwan
Pseudechis Wagler, 1830 7 0 black snakes (and king brown) Australia
Pseudohaje Günther, 1858 2 0 forest cobras Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, Uganda, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Togo, Nigeria
Pseudonaja Günther, 1858 8 2 venomous brown snakes (and dugites) Australia
Rhinoplocephalus F. Müller, 1885 6 0 Australian small-eyed snakes Southern and eastern Australia, southern New Guinea
Salomonelaps McDowell, 1970 1 0 Solomons coral snake Solomon Islands
Simoselaps Jan, 1859 13 3 Australian coral snakes Mainland Australia
Sinomicrurus (Calliophis) macclellandi Slowinski et al., 2001 5 4 MacClelland’s (Asian) coral snake India, Myanmar, Vietnam, China, Taiwan, Japan
Suta Worrell, 1961 10 2 hooded snakes (and curl snake) Australia
Thalassophis P. Schmidt, 1852 1 0 anomalous sea snake South Chinese Sea (Malaysia, Gulf of Thailand), Indian Ocean (Sumatra, Java, Borneo)
Toxicocalamus Boulenger, 1896 9 0 New Guinea forest snakes New Guinea (and nearby islands)
Tropidechis Günther, 1863 2 0 rough-scaled snake Eastern Australia
Vermicella Gray In Günther, 1858 5 0 bandy-bandies Australia
Walterinnesia Lataste, 1887 2[4] 0 black desert cobra Egypt, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Iraq, Iran, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Turkey [5]

Çavkanî

[1].

Herwiha binihêre

  1. ^ a b c d e f "Elapidae". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Roja gihiştinê 27 çiriya paşîn 2006.
  2. ^ Xeletiya çavkanî: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named NRDB
  3. ^ a b c d The Hydrophiidae at Cyberlizard's home pages. Accessed [12 August] [2007].
  4. ^ Nilson, G. & N. Rastegar-Pouyani (2007) Walterinnesia aegyptia Lataste, 1887 (Ophidia: Elapidae) and the status of Naja morgani Mocquard 1905. Russian Journal of Herpetology, 14: 7-14.
  5. ^ Ugurtas, I. H., T. J. Papenfuss and N. L. Orlov. 2001. New record of Walterinnesia aegyptia Lataste, 1887 (Ophidia: Elapidae: Bungarinae) in Turkey. Russian Journal of Herpetology. 8(3):239-245.