Alîkarî:IPA/rûsî

Ji Wîkîpediya, ensîklopediya azad.
Dengdêr
Tundrew Nerm
IPA Nimûne Bilêvkirina îngilîzî IPA Nimûne Bilêvkirina îngilîzî
b Derbarê ev deng бок; апде́йт[1] boot Derbarê ev deng бе́лый beautiful
d Derbarê ev deng дать; Derbarê ev deng футбо́л[1] do Derbarê ev deng де́ло; Derbarê ev deng ходьба́; Derbarê ev deng жени́тьба[1] dew (UK)
dz[2] Derbarê ev deng плацда́рм[1] lads [2] начди́в; Derbarê ev deng дочь бы[1] jig
dzʲ[2] дзюдо́[3] lad's young
f Derbarê ev deng фо́рма; Derbarê ev deng вы́ставка;[1] Derbarê ev deng бо́ров[4] fool Derbarê ev deng фина́л; Derbarê ev deng верфь; Derbarê ev deng кровь[4] few
ɡ Derbarê ev deng год;[5][6] Derbarê ev deng анекдо́т[1] goo ɡʲ Derbarê ev deng геро́й argue
ɣ Derbarê ev deng Го́споди; Derbarê ev deng ага́;[5] Бог даст; дух бодр[1] navbera home û goo ɣʲ трёхдне́вный; други́х де́вушек[1] navbera argue û yes
N/A j Derbarê ev deng есть [je-]; Derbarê ev deng ёж [jɵ-]; Derbarê ev deng юг [ju-]; Derbarê ev deng я [ja]; Derbarê ev deng майо́р[7] yes
k Derbarê ev deng кость; Derbarê ev deng бе́гство;[1] Derbarê ev deng флаг[4] scar Derbarê ev deng кино́; секью́рити skew
l Derbarê ev deng луна́[8] pill Derbarê ev deng лес; Derbarê ev deng боль lean
m Derbarê ev deng мы́ло moot Derbarê ev deng мя́со; Derbarê ev deng семь mute
n Derbarê ev deng нос noon Derbarê ev deng нёс; Derbarê ev deng день; Derbarê ev deng ко́нчик[9] newt
p Derbarê ev deng под; Derbarê ev deng ры́бка;[1] Derbarê ev deng зуб[4] span Derbarê ev deng пе́пел; Derbarê ev deng цепь; Derbarê ev deng зыбь[4] spew
r Derbarê ev deng раз hejandin û trîllkirin a "r" wek spanî Derbarê ev deng ряд; Derbarê ev deng зверь hejandin û trîllkirin a "r" wek spanî
s Derbarê ev deng соба́ка; Derbarê ev deng ска́зка;[1] Derbarê ev deng глаз[4] soup Derbarê ev deng си́ний; Derbarê ev deng здесь; Derbarê ev deng есть; Derbarê ev deng грызть;[1] Derbarê ev deng резь[4] assume
ʂ Derbarê ev deng широ́кий; Derbarê ev deng кни́жка;[1] Derbarê ev deng муж;[4] Derbarê ev deng что[10] rush ɕː Derbarê ev deng щека́; Derbarê ev deng счита́ть; Derbarê ev deng мужчи́на[1][11] wish sheep
t Derbarê ev deng то; Derbarê ev deng во́дка;[1] Derbarê ev deng лёд[4] stand Derbarê ev deng тень; Derbarê ev deng дитя́; Derbarê ev deng путь; Derbarê ev deng грудь[4] stew (UK)
ts[2] Derbarê ev deng цена́; Derbarê ev deng нра́виться cats [2] Derbarê ev deng чай; Derbarê ev deng течь chip
tsʲ[2] Цю́рих[3] cat's young
v Derbarê ev deng вы; его́;[6] афга́н[1] voodoo Derbarê ev deng весь; Derbarê ev deng вью́га view
x Derbarê ev deng ход; Derbarê ev deng Бог[5] loch; ugh Derbarê ev deng хи́трый; Хью́стон; Derbarê ev deng лёгкий[5] huge
z Derbarê ev deng зуб; Derbarê ev deng сбор[1] zoo Derbarê ev deng зима́; резьба́; Derbarê ev deng жизнь; Derbarê ev deng про́сьба[1] presume
ʐ Derbarê ev deng жест; волшба́[1] rouge ʑː Derbarê ev deng по́зже;[12] вещдо́к[1] prestige genre
Dengdêrên stresî
[-nerm] [+nerm]
IPA Nimûne Bilêvkirina îngilîzî IPA Nimûne Bilêvkirina îngilîzî
a Derbarê ev deng трава́ father æ Derbarê ev deng пять; Derbarê ev deng ча́сть[13] pat (US)
ɛ Derbarê ev deng жест; Derbarê ev deng э́тот met e Derbarê ev deng пень; Derbarê ev deng э́тика[13] mace
ɨ Derbarê ev deng ты; Derbarê ev deng ши́шка; с и́грами roses (for some dialects) i Derbarê ev deng ли́ния; Derbarê ev deng и́ли meet
o Derbarê ev deng о́блако; Derbarê ev deng шёпот chore ɵ Derbarê ev deng тётя; Derbarê ev deng плечо́[13] foot
u Derbarê ev deng пу́ля cool ʉ Derbarê ev deng чуть; Derbarê ev deng лю́ди[13] choose
Dengdêren bê-stresî
[-nerm] [+nerm]
IPA Nimûne Bilêvkirina îngilîzî IPA Nimûne Bilêvkirina îngilîzî
ə Derbarê ev deng ко́жа; Derbarê ev deng о́блако; Derbarê ev deng се́рдце; Derbarê ev deng собира́ть[14] about ə Derbarê ev deng во́ля; Derbarê ev deng сего́дня; Derbarê ev deng ку́ча[15] lasagna
ɐ Derbarê ev deng облака́; Derbarê ev deng како́й; Derbarê ev deng сообража́ть; Derbarê ev deng тропа́[14] bud ɪ Derbarê ev deng лиса́; Derbarê ev deng четы́ре; Derbarê ev deng тяжёлый; Derbarê ev deng де́вять; Derbarê ev deng часы́[16] bit
ɛ тетра́эдр; поэте́сса[17] met
ɨ Derbarê ev deng дыша́ть; Derbarê ev deng жена́; Derbarê ev deng во́ды; Derbarê ev deng эта́п; к Ива́ну roses
o Derbarê ev deng ра́дио; поэте́сса[17] chore ɵ ма́чо; сёрфинги́ст[13][18] foot
ʊ Derbarê ev deng мужчи́на pull ʉ Derbarê ev deng чуде́сный; Derbarê ev deng люби́ть[13] youth
Segmena Jorîn
IPA Nimûne Daxûyanî
ˈ Derbarê ev deng четы́ре [tɕɪˈtɨrʲɪ] Nîşana stresê, li ber tîpa xêzkirî tê danîn
ː Derbarê ev deng сза́ди [ˈzːadʲɪ][1] Nîşana dirêjahiya dengdêrê, li dû gemînasyona dengdêran tê danîn
  1. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Consonants in consonant clusters are assimilated in voicing if the final consonant in the sequence is an obstruent (except [v, vʲ]). All consonants become voiceless if the final consonant is voiceless or voiced if the final consonant is voiced Şablon:Harvcol.
  2. a b c d e f The affricates [ts] and [tɕ] (and their voiced counterparts [dz] and [dʑ]) are sometimes written with ligature ties: [t͡s] and [t͡ɕ] ([d͡z] and [d͡ʑ]). Ties are not used in transcriptions on Wikipedia (except in phonology articles) because they may not display correctly in all browsers.
  3. a b Even though /ts/ and its voicing [dz] are considered to be exclusively hard consonants, they may be palatalized in certain words of foreign origin.
  4. a b c d e f g h i j The voiced obstruents /b, bʲ, d, dʲ, ɡ, v, vʲ, z, zʲ, ʐ/ are devoiced word-finally unless the next word begins with a voiced obstruent Şablon:Harvcol.
  5. a b c d г⟩ is usually pronounced [ɣ] or (word-finally) [x] in some religious words and colloquial derivatives from them, such as Derbarê ev deng Го́споди and Derbarê ev deng Бог, and in the interjections Derbarê ev deng ага́, Derbarê ev deng ого́, Derbarê ev deng го́споди, Derbarê ev deng ей-бо́гу, and also in бухга́лтер [bʊˈɣaltʲɪr] Şablon:Harvcol. /ɡ/ devoices and lenites to [x] before voiceless obstruents (dissimilation) in the word roots -мягк- or -мягч-, -легк- or -легч-, -тягч-, and also in the old-fashioned pronunciation of -ногт-, -когт-, кто. Speakers of the Southern Russian dialects may pronounce ⟨г⟩ as [ɣ] (soft [ɣʲ], devoiced [x] and []) throughout.
  6. a b Intervocalic ⟨г⟩ represents /v/ in certain words (Derbarê ev deng сего́дня, Derbarê ev deng сего́дняшний, итого́ ), and in the genitive suffix -ого/-его Şablon:Harvcol.
  7. The soft vowel letters ⟨е, ё, ю, я⟩ represent iotated vowels /je, jo, ju, ja/, except when following a consonant. When these vowels are unstressed (save for ⟨ё⟩, which is always stressed) and follow another vowel letter, the /j/ may not be present. The letter ⟨и⟩ produces iotated sound /ji/ only after ь.
  8. /l/ is often strongly pharyngealized [ɫ], but that feature is not distinctive Şablon:Harvcol.
  9. Alveolo-palatal consonants are subjected to regressive assimilative palatalization; i.e. they tend to become palatalized in front of other phones with the same place of articulation.
  10. Most speakers pronounce ⟨ч⟩ in the pronoun что and its derivatives as [ʂ]. All other occurrences of чт cluster stay as affricate and stop.
  11. щ⟩ is sometimes pronounced as [ɕː] or [ɕɕ] and sometimes as [ɕtɕ], but no speakers contrast the two pronunciations. This generally includes the other spellings of the sound, but the word счи́тывать sometimes has [ɕtɕ] because of the morpheme boundary between the prefix ⟨с-⟩ and the root ⟨-чит-⟩.
  12. Geminated [ʐː] is pronounced as soft [ʑː], the voiced counterpart to [ɕː], in a few lexical items (such as дро́жжи or заезжа́ть) by conservative Moscow speakers; such realization is now somewhat obsolete (Şablon:Harvcoltxt).
  13. a b c d e f Vowels are fronted and/or raised in the context of palatalized consonants: /a/ and /u/ become [æ] and [ʉ], respectively between palatalized consonants, /e/ is realized as [e] before and between palatalized consonants and /o/ becomes [ɵ] after and between palatalized consonants.
  14. a b Unstressed /a/ and /o/ regularly lose their contrast, being pronounced [ɐ] in word-initial position, as well as when in a sequence, and [ə] in posttonic position (i.e. after the stress); in non-initial pretonic position (i.e. before the stress) they are reduced to [ɐ] only immediately before the stress, being realized [ə] otherwise.
  15. Only in certain word-final morphemes Şablon:Harvcol.
  16. Unstressed /a/ is pronounced as [ɪ] after ⟨ч⟩ and ⟨щ⟩ except when word-final.[çavkanî hewce ye]
  17. a b In the careful style of pronunciation unstressed /e/ and /o/ in words of foreign origin may be pronounced with little or no reduction.
  18. Unstressed [ɵ] only occurs in words of foreign origin.