Marê mertal: Cudahiya di navbera guhartoyan de
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Kurteya guhartinê tine |
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| familia_authority = [[Friedrich Boie|F. Boie]], 1827 |
| familia_authority = [[Friedrich Boie|F. Boie]], 1827 |
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'''Elapidae''' (ji [[yewnanî]] ἔλλοψ, ''éllops'', "masiyê behrî"), [[famîle]]yeke [[mar]]ên [[pelikdar]] ên mezin ên jehrawî ji çîna [[xijende]] li gelek waran li cîhanê dijî bi taybetî parzemîna Asyayê. |
'''Elapidae''' (ji [[yewnanî]] ἔλλοψ, ''éllops'', "masiyê behrî" an masiyê deryayî), [[famîle]]yeke [[mar]]ên [[pelikdar]] ên mezin ên jehrawî ji çîna [[xijende]] li gelek waran li cîhanê dijî bi taybetî parzemîna Asyayê. |
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''Elapidae'' marên mertal an kefçemaran dihewîne ku gelek jehrawî û jehravêj e gor çêkirina dirantûjên wê. Kobrayan ji dirêjî 18 cm ta 5,6 m hene wek [[şahkobra]] ku li ser 325 cure û 61 cinsan hatine dabeşandin ta niha<ref name="ITIS">{{ITIS |id=174348 |taxon=Elapidae |accessdate=27 November 2006}}</ref>. |
''Elapidae'' marên mertal an kefçemaran dihewîne ku gelek jehrawî û jehravêj e gor çêkirina dirantûjên wê. Kobrayan ji dirêjî 18 cm ta 5,6 m hene wek [[şahkobra]] ku li ser 325 cure û 61 cinsan hatine dabeşandin ta niha<ref name="ITIS">{{ITIS |id=174348 |taxon=Elapidae |accessdate=27 November 2006}}</ref>. |
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Rêz 34: | Rêz 34: | ||
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|style="max-width:15%"|Marê avê stûnserî |
|style="max-width:15%"|Marê avê stûnserî |
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|Gulf of Thailand, South China Sea, Strait of Taiwan, û berava [[Guangdong]], [[Indonesia]],[[Philippines]], [[New Guinea]], [[New Caledonia]], [[Awistraliya]] Northern Territory, Queensland, û Rojavaya Awistraliya |
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|''[[Acanthophis]]'' |
|''[[Acanthophis]]'' |
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Rêz 40: | Rêz 40: | ||
|align="center"|7 |
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|Marê mirdarok |
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|death adders |
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|Australia, New Guinea, Indonesia ([[Seram]] and [[Tanimbar Islands|Tanimbar]]) |
|Australia, New Guinea, Indonesia ([[Seram]] and [[Tanimbar Islands|Tanimbar]]) |
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Rêz 54: | Rêz 54: | ||
|align="center"|2 |
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|Kobrayê posmertal |
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|shieldnose cobras |
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|[[South Africa]] ([[Cape Province]], [[Transvaal Province|Transvaal]]), [[Namibia]], southern [[Angola]], [[Botswana]], [[Zimbabwe]], [[Mozambique]] |
|[[South Africa]] ([[Cape Province]], [[Transvaal Province|Transvaal]]), [[Namibia]], southern [[Angola]], [[Botswana]], [[Zimbabwe]], [[Mozambique]] |
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Rêz 61: | Rêz 61: | ||
|align="center"|3 |
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|Marê mirdarokê bigerdenîk |
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|collared adders |
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|[[New Guinea]] |
|[[New Guinea]] |
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Rêz 68: | Rêz 68: | ||
|align="center"|1 |
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|Marê ava Stokes |
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|Stokes' sea snake |
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|Coastal areas from west [[India]] and [[Sri Lanka]] through Gulf of Thailand to China Sea, west Malaysia, Indonesia east to New Guinea, north and east coasts of Australia, the Philippines |
|Coastal areas from west [[India]] and [[Sri Lanka]] through Gulf of Thailand to China Sea, west Malaysia, Indonesia east to New Guinea, north and east coasts of Australia, the Philippines |
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Rêz 75: | Rêz 75: | ||
|align="center"|3 |
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|Marê serîpaxir |
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|copperheads |
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|Australia (South Australia, New South Wales, Victoria, [[Tasmania]]) |
|Australia (South Australia, New South Wales, Victoria, [[Tasmania]]) |
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Rêz 82: | Rêz 82: | ||
|align="center"|2 |
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|Kobrayê avê |
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|water cobras |
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|[[Cameroon]], [[Gabon]], [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], [[Republic of the Congo|Congo]], [[Central African Republic]], [[Tanzania]], [[Equatorial Guinea]], [[Rwanda]], [[Burundi]], [[Zambia]] |
|[[Cameroon]], [[Gabon]], [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], [[Republic of the Congo|Congo]], [[Central African Republic]], [[Tanzania]], [[Equatorial Guinea]], [[Rwanda]], [[Burundi]], [[Zambia]] |
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Rêz 475: | Rêz 475: | ||
==Çavkanî== |
==Çavkanî== |
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<ref name="ITIS">{{ITIS |id=174348 |taxon=Elapidae |accessdate=27 November 2006}}</ref>. |
<ref name="ITIS">{{ITIS |id=174348 |taxon=Elapidae |accessdate=27 November 2006}}</ref>. |
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<ref name="ITIS"/> |
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==Herwiha binihêre== |
==Herwiha binihêre== |
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*[[Mar]] |
*[[Mar]] |
Guhartoya 17:24, 20 hezîran 2013
Divê ev gotar ji aliyê rêziman, hevoksazî yan jî rastnivîsê ve were sererastkirin. |
Marên bijehr (Elapidae) | |
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Marê mertal ê misrî Naja haje | |
Dabeşandina zanistî | |
Cîhan: | Animalia |
Filûm: | Chordata |
Binefilûm: | Vertebrata |
Çîn: | Reptilia |
Kom: | Squamata |
Binekom: | Serpentes |
Jêrekom: | Alethinophidia |
Famîle: | Elapidae F. Boie, 1827 |
Binefamîle: | Elapinae Hydrophiinae Laticaudinae |
Elapidae (ji yewnanî ἔλλοψ, éllops, "masiyê behrî" an masiyê deryayî), famîleyeke marên pelikdar ên mezin ên jehrawî ji çîna xijende li gelek waran li cîhanê dijî bi taybetî parzemîna Asyayê.
Elapidae marên mertal an kefçemaran dihewîne ku gelek jehrawî û jehravêj e gor çêkirina dirantûjên wê. Kobrayan ji dirêjî 18 cm ta 5,6 m hene wek şahkobra ku li ser 325 cure û 61 cinsan hatine dabeşandin ta niha[1].
Cins û cure
Cins[1] | Takson Daneyar[1] |
Cure[1] | Binecure*[1] | Navê Gelemper |
Belavbûna Erdnîgarî[2] |
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Acalyptophis | Boulenger, 1869 | 1 | 0 | Marê avê stûnserî | Gulf of Thailand, South China Sea, Strait of Taiwan, û berava Guangdong, Indonesia,Philippines, New Guinea, New Caledonia, Awistraliya Northern Territory, Queensland, û Rojavaya Awistraliya |
Acanthophis | Daudin, 1803 | 7 | 0 | Marê mirdarok | Australia, New Guinea, Indonesia (Seram and Tanimbar) |
Aipysurus | Lacépède, 1804 | 7 | 1 | Marê avê zeytûnî | Timor Sea, South China Sea, Gulf of Thailand, and coasts of Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia), New Caledonia, Loyalty Islands, southern New Guinea, Indonesia, western Malaysia and Vietnam |
Aspidelaps | Fitzinger, 1843 | 2 | 4 | Kobrayê posmertal | South Africa (Cape Province, Transvaal), Namibia, southern Angola, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique |
Aspidomorphus | Fitzinger, 1843 | 3 | 3 | Marê mirdarokê bigerdenîk | New Guinea |
Astrotia | Fischer, 1855 | 1 | 0 | Marê ava Stokes | Coastal areas from west India and Sri Lanka through Gulf of Thailand to China Sea, west Malaysia, Indonesia east to New Guinea, north and east coasts of Australia, the Philippines |
Austrelaps | Worrell, 1963 | 3 | 0 | Marê serîpaxir | Australia (South Australia, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania) |
Boulengerina | Dollo, 1886 | 2 | 1 | Kobrayê avê | Cameroon, Gabon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo, Central African Republic, Tanzania, Equatorial Guinea, Rwanda, Burundi, Zambia |
Bungarus | Daudin, 1803 | 12 | 4 | kraits | India (incl. Andaman Island), Myanmar, Nepal, Vietnam, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Cambodia, Indonesia (Java, Sumatra, Bali, Sulawesi), Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand |
Cacophis | Günther, 1863 | 4 | 0 | rainforest crowned snakes | Australia (New South Wales, Queensland) |
Calliophis | Gray, 1834 | 8 | 11 | Morîmarê rojhilatî | India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Indonesia, Cambodia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Burma, Brunei, the Philippines, Vietnam, Laos, southern China, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Taiwan |
Demansia | Gray, 1842 | 9 | 2 | Tajangmar | New Guinea, continental Australia |
Dendroaspis | Schlegel, 1848 | 4 | 1 | Devreş mar an mamba | Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, Malawi, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, Guinea, Gabon, Principe (Gulf of Guinea), Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Equatorial Guinea, Angola, Sudan, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Eritrea, Senegal, Mali, Ethiopia, Ivory Coast, Namibia, Somalia, Swaziland, Zambia, Gambia, Guinea Bissau, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Sierra Leone |
Denisonia | Krefft, 1869 | 2 | 0 | ornamental snakes | Central Queensland and central northern New South Wales, Australia |
Drysdalia | Worrell, 1961 | 3 | 0 | southeastern grass snakes | Southern Australia (Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria, Tasmania, New South Wales) |
Echiopsis | Fitzinger, 1843 | 1 | 0 | bardick | Southern Australia (Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria, New South Wales) |
Elapognathus | Boulenger, 1896 | 2 | 0 | southwestern grass snakes | Western Australia |
Elapsoidea | Bocage, 1866 | 10 | 7 | African or venomous garter snakes (not related to North American garter snakes, which are nonvenomous) | Senegal, South Africa, Mozambique, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Swaziland, Gambia, Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Uganda, Senegal, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo, Zambia, Kenya, north Burundi, Rwanda, Ethiopia, Uganda, Somalia |
Emydocephalus | Krefft, 1869 | 2 | 0 | Marê avê serîkusî | Beraviyên Tîmûrê (Indonesian Sea), New Caledonia, Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia), and in the Southeast Asian Sea along the coasts of China, Taiwan, Japan, and the Ryukyu Islands |
Enhydrina | Gray, 1849 | 2 | 0 | beaked sea snakes | In the Persian Gulf (Oman, United Arab Emirates, etc.), south to the Seychelles and Madagascar,
Southeast Asian Sea (Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam), Australia (North Territory, Queensland), New Guinea and Papua New Guinea |
Ephalophis | M.A. Smith, 1931 | 1 | 0 | Grey's mudsnake | Northwestern Australia |
Furina | A.M.C. Duméril, 1853 | 3 | 0 | pale-naped snakes | Mainland Australia |
Glyphodon | Günther, 1858 | 2 | 0 | Marê serîqehweyî | Australia (Queensland), New Guinea |
Hemachatus | Fleming, 1822 | 1 | 0 | Kobra an kefçemarê tifuk | South Africa, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, Swaziland |
Hemiaspis | Fitzinger, 1861 | 2 | 0 | swamp snakes | Eastern Australia (New South Wales, Queensland) |
Hemibungarus | W. Peters, 1862 | 1 | 2 | Morîmarê Asyayî | Taiwan, Japan (Ryukyu Islands) |
Homoroselaps | Jan, 1858 | 2 | 0 | harlequin snakes | South Africa |
Hoplocephalus | Wagler, 1830 | 3 | 0 | broad-headed snakes | Eastern Australia (New South Wales, Queensland) |
Hydrelaps | Boulenger, 1896 | 1 | 0 | Port Darwin mudsnake | Northern Australia, southern New Guinea |
Hydrophis | Latreille In Sonnini & Latreille, 1801 | 34 | 3 | Marê avê | Indoaustralian and Southeast Asian waters.[3] |
Kerilia | Gray, 1849 | 1 | 0 | Jerdon's sea snake | Southeast Asian waters[3] |
Kolpophis | M.A. Smith, 1926 | 1 | 0 | bighead sea snake | Indian Ocean[3] |
Lapemis | Gray, 1835 | 1 | 1 | Shaw's sea snake | Persian Gulf to Indian Ocean, South China Sea, Indo-Australian archipelago and the western Pacific[3] |
Laticauda | Laurenti, 1768 | 5 | 0 | sea kraits | Southeast Asian and Indo-Australian waters |
Leptomicrurus | K.P. Schmidt, 1937 | 4 | 2 | blackback coral snake | Northern South America |
Loveridgelaps | McDowell, 1970 | 1 | 0 | Solomons small-eyed snake | Solomon Islands |
Micropechis | Boulenger, 1896 | 1 | 0 | New Guinea small-eyed snake | New Guinea |
Micruroides | K.P. Schmidt, 1928 | 1 | 2 | Western coral snakes | USA (Arizona, southwestern New Mexico), Mexico (Sonora, Sinaloa) |
Micrurus | Wagler, 1824 | 69 | 54 | coral snakes | Southern North America, South America |
Naja | Laurenti, 1768 | 23 | 3 | Kobra an kefçemar | Africa, Asia |
Notechis | Boulenger, 1896 | 2 | 0 | Marê piling | Southern Australia, including many offshore islands |
Ogmodon | W. Peters, 1864 | 1 | 0 | Marê Bola | Fijî |
Ophiophagus | Günther, 1864 | 1 | 0 | Şahkobra | Bangladesh, Myanmar, Cambodia, China, India, Andaman Islands, Indonesia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam, west Malaysia, the Philippines |
Oxyuranus | Kinghorn, 1923 | 3 | 2 | taipans | Australia, New Guinea |
Parahydrophis | Burger & Natsuno, 1974 | 1 | 0 | Northern mangrove sea snake | Northern Australia, southern New Guinea |
Paranaja | Loveridge, 1944 | 1 | 2 | many-banded snakes | West/central Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo, Cameroon |
Parapistocalamus | Roux, 1934 | 1 | 0 | Hediger's snake | Bougainville Island, Solomons |
Paroplocephalus | Keogh, Scott and Scanlon, 2000 | 1 | 0 | Lake Cronin snake | Western Australia |
Pelamis | Daudin, 1803 | 1 | 0 | yellow-bellied sea snake | Indian and Pacific Oceans |
Praescutata viperina | Wall, 1921 | 1 | 0 | viperine sea snake | Persian Gulf, Indian Ocean, South Chinese Sea northeast to coastal region of Fujian and Strait of Taiwan |
Pseudechis | Wagler, 1830 | 7 | 0 | Marê reş (û marê şahê qehweyî) | Australia |
Pseudohaje | Günther, 1858 | 2 | 0 | Kobrayê daristanan | Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, Uganda, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Togo, Nigeria |
Pseudonaja | Günther, 1858 | 8 | 2 | Marên morê jehrawî | Australia |
Rhinoplocephalus | F. Müller, 1885 | 6 | 0 | Marê biçûkçavê Awistralî | Southern and eastern Australia, southern New Guinea |
Salomonelaps | McDowell, 1970 | 1 | 0 | Morîmarê Silêman | Giravên Silêman |
Simoselaps | Jan, 1859 | 13 | 3 | Morîmarê Awistralî | Mainland Australia |
Sinomicrurus (Calliophis) macclellandi | Slowinski et al., 2001 | 5 | 4 | Marê mîrar Asyayî | India, Myanmar, Vietnam, China, Taiwan, Japan |
Suta | Worrell, 1961 | 10 | 2 | Kumemar (û marê gerrandî) | Awistraliya |
Thalassophis | P. Schmidt, 1852 | 1 | 0 | Marê avê nesayî | South Chinese Sea (Malaysia, Gulf of Thailand), Indian Ocean (Sumatra, Java, Borneo) |
Toxicocalamus | Boulenger, 1896 | 9 | 0 | Marê daristanê Gîniya Nû | Gîniya Nû |
Tropidechis | Günther, 1863 | 2 | 0 | Marê hişkpile | Rojavayê Awistraliya |
Vermicella | Gray In Günther, 1858 | 5 | 0 | bandy-bandies | Awistraliya |
Walterinnesia | Lataste, 1887 | 2[4] | 0 | Kobra reşê çolê | Misr, Îsraîl, Libnan, Sûrî, Jordan, Îraq, Îran, Kuwait, Saûdî Erebistan, Tirkî [5] |
Çavkanî
Herwiha binihêre
Ev gotara kurt şitlekê ye. Heke tu bixwazî berfireh bikî pê li biguhêre bike. (Çawa?) |
- ^ a b c d e f g "Elapidae". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Roja gihiştinê 27 çiriya paşîn 2006.
- ^ Xeletiya çavkanî: Invalid
<ref>
tag; no text was provided for refs namedNRDB
- ^ a b c d The Hydrophiidae at Cyberlizard's home pages. Accessed [12 August] [2007].
- ^ Nilson, G. & N. Rastegar-Pouyani (2007) Walterinnesia aegyptia Lataste, 1887 (Ophidia: Elapidae) and the status of Naja morgani Mocquard 1905. Russian Journal of Herpetology, 14: 7-14.
- ^ Ugurtas, I. H., T. J. Papenfuss and N. L. Orlov. 2001. New record of Walterinnesia aegyptia Lataste, 1887 (Ophidia: Elapidae: Bungarinae) in Turkey. Russian Journal of Herpetology. 8(3):239-245.